HOW TO BECOME AN EXPERT IN CYBERSECURITY WITH APPLE //S Here is how a virus runs when programmed in machine language. You can type with the keyboard machine language directly into a file with a text file editor if you have a real access to the computer. You can after launch this binary program by calling its name. You must use Option keys to have access to ASCII characters that are not necessarily visible. We're talking machine language not assembly language source file. We're talking about binary executables. To insert a virus into a BINary file application follow this : 1) First you find a BINary file : [APPLICATION] 2) Put the code of your virus at the end of the binary file. [APPLICATION][VIRUS] 3) Copy/Save the beginning of the Application at the end of the file [BEGINNING APPLICATION][REMAINING OF THE APPLICATION][VIRUS] [REMAINING OF THE APPLICATION][VIRUS][BEGINNING APPLICATION] 4) Put the beginning of your VIRUS program at the beginning of the Application [BEGINNING OF THE VIRUS][REMAINING OF THE APPLICATION][VIRUS][BEGINNING APPLICATION] 5) Put a RETURN to the main application at the end of the Application [BEGINNING OF THE VIRUS][REMAINING OF THE APPLICATION][VIRUS][BEGINNING APPLICATION][RETURN TO APP] The file format under Linux is ELF. You must understand ELF to inoculate machine language code into a binary application. Puting the machine language bytes code directly into a file will not execute the program. It must begin with ELF bytes code declaration. YOU MUST UNDERSTAND VIRUSES IF YOU WANT TO PROTECT FROM THEM. APPLE IIs CAN TEACH YOU THE MECHANISMS OF VIRUSES. APPLE IIs CAN TEACH YOU CYBERSECURITY. How to make a TRAP for BINary viruses : Take a text file editor and make a file with spaces. Rename your file from .TXT to .BIN. The virus will probably put its code after the spaces. Check the size of the file in order to see if it changed and is containing a virus. You will be able to read the machine language code of the virus.